whitman



July 3, 1928. 1,676,000

P. L. WHITMAN DIAL ATTACHMENT FOR CLQCK'S Filed Janf2 9, 1926 Patented July 3, 1928.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

PHILIP L. WHITMAN, OF HALIFAX, NOVA SCOTIA, CANADA.

DIAL ATTACHMENT FOR CLOCKS.

Application filed January 29, 1926. Serial No. 84,724.

"object ofthe present invention is to provide a pair of dials for attachment to the front of an ordinary clock, one dialfor permanent mounting on the clock and corre- ,'sp0nd ingto the usual dial and its setting on "theiclock, and theother'dial'adapted for attialeli'ment to the hour hand to turn. there- .With for movement with the clock and for indicating with respect to the fixed dial corresponding times in diiferent parts of the world with reference to the time indicated by thelclock.

I 'Aiiotlier objectofthe invention is topro' 'vide 'a dia l for fixed attachment to a clock and which is divided into major divisions .corresponding to the twelve hours 'of the .jcl i k n m rke b spe ng y, n f v'v hieh has each one of its: twelve divisions i .irito twelve subdivisions. indicative 'off five rnin'ute intervals and further subto provide sixty divisions .inJeach major, divisionii1dicative of; the sixty minutes inen hour. and: a second dial carried the hour hand to turn therewith and .providedwith delineations thereon and ra- 'd 1al index linesfor various localities and with: designations associated therewith to s'how' whether the indicated time .in such localities is slower or faster than the time indicated by the hour hand.

Afurther object of the invention is to provide a fix ed'dial for a cloclc.and a removable dial for attachment to the hour hand to turn'therewit-h, the removable dial being susceptible jot interchange with similar dials having the delineations and designations arrange'd according to the different particular standard timesthroughout the world for CO- 'op e rat i o n with the fixed dial.

7The above and various other objects and advantagesof this invention will'in partbe described in, and in part. be understood from the following detailed description of the present preferred embodiment, the same beihgillustrated in the accompanying drawing, wherein: p

Fig. l is a face view of a clock showing a pair of dials constructed according to the present invention applied thereto, the hands oftlie clock shown partly broken away for illustrating theparts of the dial 'benea th'the hands. i

Fig. 2 is an edg'e fviewof the same, and Fig. 3 is a fragn'ientary enlarged section .taken through ,the central portion of th dials 'a nd' the arb'o rs oi: shaftsf for the Hands of the,clock. I I "1 The device comprises twodialsllfl'and 11. I the dial '10 for; fi'iz'ed'z'ittach'ment upon the face Ora fclock lZ while ent ain 11 ea. 'l b y .f i d' 5 1 3 Wm W 'i hub portion 'lip a :theho i rl 1and:14 of the clock .v'vhich'" is in the iisu al i iiriner upon a hollcivvf s l a ft 1'5, i' The ce'ritral shaft 16 of the elojclrg'ipasses tiit iifgh-t -"iibugw arbor or. sti'a'ft'TlS- arid eiiii'i'es'jthereoii the minute hand 17 of the clock'."

The fixed'dial i is'of siiitiiblperipheral form, to fit againstithe f'zice'l 2 i'pfi the clock d i ie idedlii th e il 'i f fe vl 'fiiq d ta yi a' dfimi i 'a iide ton il ifii ra" ';i iniu hbf.. i .e el i n tefll 4 illsui'el clo a gs; Ln h ur.-

.? v 'l 'naripin' er iica 'i 'at made relatively lare'fanld'f so; as to predominate other 1 81x611 and markings iplaoed'on the dials, iiiej t ceent iated, preferably: I elativel'y heavy main division line 19; "one fdr eaeh designation 1 8.

The"dia l' '10 is: also prjov'ided' with' an outer circular row o'fY-mi'no'if numerical designations 20 which 'shoiv 'corise fu tive"hour advancements fromlfthe ftwelfth hour and numerically progress: from the hour designation one and beginj vviththe numberthirteen. The dial 10'isalso' provided, between each pair of main division lines 19 with twelve equal spaces definedby five minute division lines 21 to' show on the dial 10 the five minute positions of the hour hand 14c, and these radial division lines21 are positioned uponthe dial such as to be traversed by the pointer "of the hour hand 14 and to 100 extend radially beyond the same. The five minute divisions are also subdivided by minute indicating lines 22 into mlnlltQdlYlsions adapted to be traversed by the hour hand 14 so that calculations inay be made at 1 least to the minute-for the difie'rent times shown by the dial 11.

The fixed dial 10 is provided with a relatively large central opening 23 for freely receiving therethrough-the arbors l5 and 110 16 and the hub 13 of the hour hand.

The travelling dial 1]. is Of a diameter 45 one hour in adyhnce of eglsteru time.

such that itsoutor' circularedge' terminates at the inner ends of the radial division lines 1.9, 2t and 22 of the fixed dial 10 so that'the latter are exposed. he dial :11 is provided with a plurality of radial index lines 24 which extend from the central portion oPthe dial 11 to its edge and which are adapted to radially align withthe division lines On the ,dial ;for raccurately comparing ,the

relative positions of the index lines 24 with reference to the designations on the di-al'lO. The dialll .is divided into inner and outer sections b'ya circular division line 25, con ccntricfto the dial l1 and intersecting all it) "which rpg s t ers witll the fiewndf Quf "wh 1. km Figu -i si ror ded-iy Mit ,de5ignatiop fChina FTin the g itter 'diyision or-space iofthe 'dialill and is also provided W the designation Atlantic F in the inner space o'r' see tio n of the dial-11f The glirisions between thedines Qi thecir ular line apld the outer e clge of the 11 represent tirfnetwelve hours jadvz'mceiof erfiube qucn l.tQt cha l m rplus on ho adifince, of rthe base time.

.Qn the ,other h d, the divisions inside gf tlhe circular .line zfi repnesentintegral hou in fi e e i 'r sn m' i It l a time 26. -For ;ins tance,,theldgagie time is 40 shownasffeastern time, and if it. is desired advance or subsequent-to the. base time. The

rmtrelportion of the dial 11 is provided ,with .a relatiy ely small opening for .fric- .Lional ly receiving theret luough the hub 13 of the ,hour l 1 :1nd14 ,so that the dial 11 is Supported upon the hub ,of-the hour hand mores as a unit therewith.

Thefixed dial loniay be ofpa per having therindicia and ,diwision lines printed thereon, and the paper may: be pasted over the face of an. ordinary clock with which the attachment-4s to used.

The tr'ayelling dial 11 may be a circular disk of thin cardboard having the index lines and the circular division lines together with otherdata printed thereon to show the i1 l. l refer ing.

differentstandard tipies' i sed throi bout the 'world. This dial 11 "has the sma l central opening to fittightly upon the shaft or hub of the hourlhnnd. ifhedial 11 may be promentbeg. .1 d teh e lg e i QQ i JJP-1 FlF-3 F -I1Q 'l'e 'e iii iiii In: u e th treYe -r esfii l 1 is a unte th we bee-dew er e ifiwit th mam i da g e Ja e. fifiri xi ee ti na m radial alignment with the hour hand lit h k thi time,r me.v

' Wl h i hour 2 .tee-thisin t tieefieiifie rme V tQZFAg 1 t ee ii -iaiq were eede ime flfl ienae mf ill tm l ihfi l fi-rl -l n fi; lij ri- 'f re a fi w 1 111 erwtem Q Iwe We'nTlI r .5 .-Y \P-i?- Witt are Emm t-L me w r. l itlhml'i vd r E ie eeeitimeal-e i -aw- H P WMFQQH ld qfiv' wi WWW r qr q rmne-l. .ibe'eeiemr e ei- 'iqkl zcalculated y gfcn l ce -to tl e J inajior and llllIlQI ClPCl 'a r .rogyi s l of numbers 153a d" 20 on the dial w g l-ndahi noting'ithatfaiithe timestliat are unto andincluding sixhours fast or slow gitlr respegt the :timefipr whiclr t he c l ial li s fniade, are retkdsdirectly {FOUL-11:18 cjrciila r row- 01f lar e. ,nugiibers ;It, wil,l also be noted that to read {from the d ial 1 1 it is :only. in essai'y, ,to remember that if er Qen r, l.$.t i .d=. i ti we. i bein u d, th r :i d ere e .ef fiw :h u l for. all, tiines o t iemtiter ,circ l il ar irQWQf world tirnesin :hemiter,sectionpftthe disk 11, which mustbe a lge brpi ea;]ly ..t.0 the ti,11 1e.l' QW,n lbV t e.,elqc ,l or large npnr hers 18 corresponding Etc-the time on the inner circular rowo'f tirnes From 1, --it is therefore. seen that-when it is noo n. eastern standardtime, it will bethrg recloclg p. m. in-the A z o re's and three .a. m. of ,a new da in Tasmania, as both o fthese'tijrnes are faster than eastern standard time.

o d als .niad for m unt in ti ther will he twent v four hours difi'erent; for z ei land time and fordials n adefforfacific tin e there will be a difference of twenty four hours for Zealand and Caledonia times. In these cases this difierence will have to be added as above described. The outer circular row of numbers 20 assists in determining these added times by indicating the hours to be added to the hour number 18 shown by the hour hand 14 at the time of reading.

The divisions between the lines 24, the circular line 25, and the center of the dial 11 contain the names of standard times which are on that half of the earth of which the standard time for which the dial is made, is the center. For instance, in the example shown, the dial is for eastern standard time. That is, it could well be used in VVashington, 0., or any place having eastern standard time. It will be noted that the times delineated in the inner section of dial 11, such as Atlantic, Brazil, Azores, Iceland, and W. Europe, are all in the inner section of the dial, and considering the meridian of eastern standard time as the center, these are all on the half of the world of which such meridian is the center and all are east of such meridian, all being marked with an F to show that the time is fast or after the eastern standard time. It will be noted that this inner division also contains central, mountain, Pacific, Alaska and Hawaii, all of which are west of the meridian for eastern standard time and all on the half of the earth of which said meridian is the center. In the example shown all of these are marked with an S indicating that the time is slow or before the eastern standard time. All times delineated in the outer section of the dial 11 are on the half of the earth opposite the half of which the meridian for eastern standard time is the center.

With this in mind the user may determine the time of the day such as noon, midnight, a. m., or p. m., in the countries having the times delineated, it being obvious that ifthe selected country is in the inner section of the dial it is on the hemisphere of which the time for which the dial is made, is the center. If the selected country is in the outer section it is on the opposite hemisphere.

VVhil'e, in the example shown, all the times in the inner section of dial 11 and to one side of the line 26 are marked F and those to the other side S, this would not always apply. A dial made for Pacific time would show Alaska S; Hawaii S; New Zealand F and Caledonia F to one side of line 26 and in the inner section of the dial, since, with the meridian for western standard time, both New Zealand and Caledonia are to the west of such meridian and on the half of the earth of which such meridian is the center, but time there is fast or before that of such meridian, the international date line extending as it does, between New Zealand and Hawaii.

It is of course understood that various changes and modifications may be made in the details of construction and marking of the dials to adapt the same for use in different parts of the world and for making more or less minute readings, of the times for a certain selected standard, indicia in the inner section of the movable dial and associated with said radial lines to designate other standard times of localities that are on the half of the earth of which said meridian is the center, said indicia pertinent to the other standard times arranged relative to said heavy line so that those east of the said meridian are to one side of the heavy line and those west of the meridian are to the other side of said heavy line, indicia in the outer section of said movable dial and associated with said radial lines to indicate other standard times of localities that are on the opposite half from the first mentioned half of the earth, and markers associated with each of said indicia pertinent to other standard times to indicate whether the time is fast or slow relative to the selected standard.

2. A dial attachment for clocks comprising, a fixed dial including the twelve hour delineations of a clock, and a dial coaxial and movable with respect to said fixed dial and having delineated thereon radial lines, a circular line dividing the movable dial into inner and outer sections, a diametrical heavy line to point to any of the delineations of the fixed dial and to indicate time and meridian for a certain selected standard, indicia in one of said sections of the movable dial and associated with said radial lines to designate other standard times of localities that are on the half of the earth of which said meridian is the center, said indicia pertinent to the other standard times arranged relative to said heavy line so that those east of the said meridian are to one side of the heavy line and those west of the meridian are to the other side of said heavy line, indicia in the other section of said movable dial and associated with said radial lines to indicate other standard times of localities that are on the opposite half from the first mentioned half of the earth, and markers associated with each of said indicia pertinent to other standard times to indicate whether the time i's izist or 'sloxv rem-five fo the selected swig de'iliimfltioh's" a? a dock, and a dial coaxial {PHILIP L; WHITMAN; 

